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Pak (PAK, or NadeoPak) is a proprietary file format used for packaging game content in encrypted form.
Pak files cannot be opened in any standard archiver. The majority of the file is compressed with either zlib or LZ4 and encrypted with the Blowfish cipher.
In the TrackMania series, the system of NadeoPak was first introduced in the TrackMania United release (not the Forever one). It was meant to be the replacement for the previous StarForce protection, used for the previous monetized TrackMania games, such as Sunrise and Original. The format evolved in many ways over the years, reaching up to version 18 that is currently used for both Maniaplanet games and Trackmania 2020.